The Archive

  • The Big Bang in Europe: How Gunpowder Changed the Medieval World

    The Big Bang in Europe: How Gunpowder Changed the Medieval World

    The Duke of Burgundy, Philip the Bold, was a fighter's warrior. Philip had been a soldier since he was a boy, hawk-nosed, ambitious, and aggressive. When he fought with his father, King John II of France, at the battle of Poitiers in 1356, he was still a smooth-faced 14-year-old child. When Edward, the Black Prince of Wales, defeated the French on the field at Poitiers, he, like King John, was taken prisoner by the English. A decade later, the duke, always seeking for a method to gain an advantage over the English invaders, welcomed a fresh technology: gunpowder.